Biodiesel Synthesis with Iron Oxide Nano-Catalyst Catalyzed Pongamia Pinnata Seed Oil and Dimethyl Carbonate
Balaji Panchal,
Qin Shenjun,
Wang Jinxi,
Bian Kai,
Tao Chang
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
21-28
Received:
20 October 2018
Accepted:
2 November 2018
Published:
28 November 2018
Abstract: The aim of this research was to investigate the biodiesel production from Pongamia pinnata seed oil and dimethyl carbonate with an iron oxide nano-catalyzed transesterification reaction. A significant biodiesel yield (96%) was obtained with optimal operating conditions as the dimethyl carbonate to oil molar ratio (5:1), iron oxide nano-catalyst (50 mg% based on oil weight), agitation speed of 150 rpm and 60°C temperature for 5 h reaction time. The produced methyl esters from the transesterification process were confirmed to be almost identical to commercial standard biodiesel by thin layer chromatography. The produced methyl esters were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using an internal standard. Properties of methyl esters were characterized such as kinematic viscosity at 40°C, specific gravity at 25°C, flash point, cloud point, pour point, copper strip corrosion and acid value. The properties of the produced biodiesel were within the specifications of the American biodiesel standard, ASTM D6751-02. The results showed that all of tested reaction variables in this study had positive effects. In this research studied, a novel method has developed for production of biodiesel under mild conditions using DMC and iron oxide nano-catalyst. Iron oxide nano-catalyst could be potential candidate for use in the large-scale biodiesel production.
Abstract: The aim of this research was to investigate the biodiesel production from Pongamia pinnata seed oil and dimethyl carbonate with an iron oxide nano-catalyzed transesterification reaction. A significant biodiesel yield (96%) was obtained with optimal operating conditions as the dimethyl carbonate to oil molar ratio (5:1), iron oxide nano-catalyst (50...
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Designing an Energy-Efficient Building in a Context of Helping Self-Build
Emmanuel Ouédraogo,
Ousmane Coulibaly,
Kossi Bouto Imbga,
Ouamnoaga Alain Gilbert Koala,
Abdoulaye Ouédraogo,
Florent Pèlèga Kieno,
Diendonné Joseph Bathiebo
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
29-37
Received:
22 October 2018
Accepted:
7 November 2018
Published:
30 November 2018
Abstract: This article presents a study of the performance of a typical building with walls made of local materials. The work consisted in evaluating the thermal comfort in a building built of cut lateritic blocks. This study is a contribution to the development of thermal regulations in Burkina Faso, a country with a dry tropical climate. It will also contribute to solve housing problems in rural and peri-urban areas through the construction of decent housing. The proposed standard building was modelled using TRNSYS software and the simulation determined the atmosphere (relative air temperatures and humidity) in the building's rooms. Air temperature values range from 25.5°C to 31.6°C in the Yako side block rooms. A reduction in the temperature and relative humidity values of the internal air and a high damping of the internal thermal amplitudes have been observed. However, the temperature values have shown that thermal comfort is not achieved in the rooms during the hot periods of the year. This comfort is improved with the use of Reo blocks, because there is a decrease from 1.0 to 1.5°C in the monthly average values of the internal temperature. However, comfort deteriorates when the walls are made of Bobo-Dioulasso lateritic bricks due to the minimum increase in the average temperature of 0.5°C. The values of energy consumption ratios, thermal phase shift times and damping factors show that the building has good energy performance.
Abstract: This article presents a study of the performance of a typical building with walls made of local materials. The work consisted in evaluating the thermal comfort in a building built of cut lateritic blocks. This study is a contribution to the development of thermal regulations in Burkina Faso, a country with a dry tropical climate. It will also contr...
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