Characterization and Exploitation of El-Gedida High-Mn Iron Ore, El-Bahariya Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt
Galal H. El-Habaak,
Mohamed S. Askalany,
Mohamed G. Farghaly,
Mahmoud S. Abdel-Hakeem
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, July 2016
Pages:
34-39
Received:
25 November 2016
Accepted:
27 December 2016
Published:
17 January 2017
Abstract: Two strategies have been chosen for the exploitation of El-Gedida high-Mn iron ore containing 46.37 wt.% Fe and 7.53 wt.%Mn. The first one included magnetic roasting and subsequent low intensity magnetic separation. The second strategy involved a blend process of the El-Gedida high-Mn iron ore with the Um Bogma manganese ore. The magnetic separation failed to reduce the Mn content up to 4 wt.% and produced iron concentrate containing 52.15 wt.% Fe with a recovery of 94.47% and 6.45 wt.% Mn with a recovery of 71.95%. At this point, the magnetic separation is considered to be unsuitable process for upgrading the high-Mn iron ore. Moreover, this physical separation supported the microscopic prediction regarding the difficult liberation of iron minerals from manganese phase during the comminution process. On the other hand, blending the high-Mn iron ore with the Um Bogma manganese ore at weight ratio of 1/6 (El-Gedida sample/Um Bogma sample) produced a suitable mixture for making the ferromanganese alloys.
Abstract: Two strategies have been chosen for the exploitation of El-Gedida high-Mn iron ore containing 46.37 wt.% Fe and 7.53 wt.%Mn. The first one included magnetic roasting and subsequent low intensity magnetic separation. The second strategy involved a blend process of the El-Gedida high-Mn iron ore with the Um Bogma manganese ore. The magnetic separatio...
Show More
Heinrich Hertz, M King Hubbert, Craig Bohren and Wind Power
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, July 2016
Pages:
40-44
Received:
25 November 2016
Accepted:
19 December 2016
Published:
18 January 2017
Abstract: The free convections of the fluids water and air over the globe lead to evaporation of water and generation of winds, respectively. Heinrich Hertz and M King Hubbert both assign 40000∙1012W solar power for evaporation of water and subsequent annual rainfall of around one meter over the globe. However, Hertz has mentioned two estimates 400∙1012W and 4000∙1012W in his handwritten lecture notes of 1885 for the wind power. This ambiguity is resolved in present paper showing wind power is of the order 400∙1012W on the basis of his statement that winds should be of the same order of magnitude as that involved in rainfall. This estimate for wind power also matches with the value 370∙1012W assigned by M King Hubbert. Craig F Bohren’s observation that heat transfer coefficient for water is 120 times larger than air is shown to be equal to the ratio of solar power going into evaporation and wind channels. Both Hertz’s and Hubbert’s estimates for evaporation and wind channels further show that solar power for evaporation is two order magnitudes more than solar power generating the winds.
Abstract: The free convections of the fluids water and air over the globe lead to evaporation of water and generation of winds, respectively. Heinrich Hertz and M King Hubbert both assign 40000∙1012W solar power for evaporation of water and subsequent annual rainfall of around one meter over the globe. However, Hertz has mentioned two estimates 400∙1012W and...
Show More
