| Peer-Reviewed

Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios

Received: 31 May 2015     Accepted: 1 June 2015     Published: 15 June 2015
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Evacuation plans in large malls are very essential in cases of emergency especially fire. Many fatalities may occur among panicked people running and pushing to get out of these burning places. The present study considers evacuation cases corresponding to the fire cases that were considered in part I. It is established that evacuation planning is vital to help people get out of the mall without being exposed to suffocation due to smoke inhaling or having accidents due to panic rush in corridors and over the stairs/escalators.

Published in American Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 4-1)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Fire, Energy and Thermal Real-Life Challenges

DOI 10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15
Page(s) 72-78
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Fire Dynamics Simulation, Smoke Propagation, Evacuation, Shopping Center (Mall)

References
[1] A. Sekizawa, S. Nakahama, Y. Ikehata, M. Ebihara, and H. Notake, "Study on Feasibility of Evacuation by Elevators in a High-Rise Building-A Case Study for the Evacuation in the Hiroshima Motornachi High-Rise Apartments", AOFST 4, International Association for Fire Safety Science, pp. 217-225, 2000.
[2] G. Proulx, "Occupant Behaviour and Evacuation", 9th International Fire Protection Symposium, Munich, 25-26 May 2001.
[3] D. A. Samochine, K. Boyce, and T. J. Shields, "An Investigation into Staff Behaviour in Unannounced Evacuations of Retail Stores-Implications for Training and Fire Safety Engineering", Fire Safety Science 8, pp. 519-530, 2005. Doi: 10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.8-519.
[4] L. Qiang, and J. Hong-yu, "The Study on Safety Evaluation of Evacuation in a Large Supermarket", 5th Conference on Performance-based Fire and Fire Protection Engineering, Procedia Engineering, Vol. 11, pp. 273-279, 2011. Doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.04.657.
[5] R. F. Fahy, G. Proulx, and L. Aiman, "Panic or not in Fire: Clarifying the Misconception", Fire and Materials, Special Issue on Human Behaviour in Fire, Vol. 36, No. 5-6, pp. 328-338, Oct. 2012.
[6] K. Fridolf, D. Nilsson, and H. Frantzich, "Fire Evacuation in Underground Transportation Systems: A Review of Accidents and Empirical Research", Fire Technology, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 451-475, April 2013.
[7] A. L. da Silva, "Study of Building Fire Evacuation and Geometric Modeling Based on Continuous Model FDS+AVEC", European Scientific Journal, May 2014, SPECIAL/ edition ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431.
[8] M. Xi, and S. P. Smith, "Exploring the Reuse of Fire Evacuation Behaviour in Virtual Environments", Proceedings of the 11th Australasian Conference on Interactive Entertainment (IE 2015), Vol. 27, p. 30, 2015.
[9] Y. Chen, Y. Cai, P. Li, and G. Zhang, "Study on Evacuation Evaluation in Subway Fire Based on Pedestrian Simulation Technology", Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Vol. 2015, 2015.
[10] X. Che, Y. Niu, B. Shui, J. Fu, G. Fei, P. Goswami, and Y. Zhang, "A Novel Simulation Framework Based on Information Asymmetry to Evaluate Evacuation Plan", The Visual Computer, May 2015.
[11] J. Kang, I.-J. Jeong, and J.-B. Kwun, "Optimal Facility-Final Exit Assignment Algorithm for Building Complex Evacuation", Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 85, pp. 169-176, July 2015.
[12] M. T. Kinateder, E. D. Kuligowski, P. A. Reneke, and R. D. Peacock, "Risk Perception in Fire Evacuation Behavior Revisited: Definitions, Related Concepts, and Empirical Evidence", Fire Science Reviews, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 1-26, 2015.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Khalid A. Albis, Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad, Muhammad N. Radhwi. (2015). Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios. American Journal of Energy Engineering, 3(4-1), 72-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Khalid A. Albis; Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad; Muhammad N. Radhwi. Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios. Am. J. Energy Eng. 2015, 3(4-1), 72-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Khalid A. Albis, Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad, Muhammad N. Radhwi. Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios. Am J Energy Eng. 2015;3(4-1):72-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15,
      author = {Khalid A. Albis and Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad and Muhammad N. Radhwi},
      title = {Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios},
      journal = {American Journal of Energy Engineering},
      volume = {3},
      number = {4-1},
      pages = {72-78},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajee.s.2015030401.15},
      abstract = {Evacuation plans in large malls are very essential in cases of emergency especially fire. Many fatalities may occur among panicked people running and pushing to get out of these burning places. The present study considers evacuation cases corresponding to the fire cases that were considered in part I. It is established that evacuation planning is vital to help people get out of the mall without being exposed to suffocation due to smoke inhaling or having accidents due to panic rush in corridors and over the stairs/escalators.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Fire Dynamics Simulation and Evacuation for a Large Shopping Center (Mall), Part II, Evacuation Scenarios
    AU  - Khalid A. Albis
    AU  - Ahmed F. Abdel Gawad
    AU  - Muhammad N. Radhwi
    Y1  - 2015/06/15
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15
    T2  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
    SP  - 72
    EP  - 78
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2329-163X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.s.2015030401.15
    AB  - Evacuation plans in large malls are very essential in cases of emergency especially fire. Many fatalities may occur among panicked people running and pushing to get out of these burning places. The present study considers evacuation cases corresponding to the fire cases that were considered in part I. It is established that evacuation planning is vital to help people get out of the mall without being exposed to suffocation due to smoke inhaling or having accidents due to panic rush in corridors and over the stairs/escalators.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 4-1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering & Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

  • Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering & Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

  • Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering & Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

  • Sections